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| Blood / Hematology |
| What is the outlook for chronic lymphocytic leukemia? Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. Although doctors can very rarely cure CLL, survival rates for this cancer are typically good. A person’s life expectancy for CLL depends on how far the cancer has progressed and when they receive treatment. Learn more here. |
| Can you have hypoglycemia without diabetes? Hypoglycemia occurs when a person's blood sugar levels drop too low. It can cause dizziness, confusion, and loss of consciousness, among other symptoms. While diabetes is the most common cause of hypoglycemia, it can result from other medical conditions. Learn about them here. |
| What do the colors of a bruise mean? Bruises happen when an injury causes blood to leak into the skin. Bruises naturally change color over time from red, through purple, to yellow or brown. Bruises that do not change color may need medical attention. Learn more about why bruises change color, and when to worry about a bruise, here. |
| What do high or low MPV levels mean? Doctors perform the mean platelet volume (MPV) blood test on its own or as part of a complete blood count (CBC) test. The results give information on the components of a person’s blood. Platelets prevent bleeding and help wounds heal. Both high and low levels may indicate cancer, anemia, and autoimmune disorders. |
| Bones / Orthopedics |
| A soy-based diet could help strengthen bones According to a recent study, eating a diet that includes more soy protein could strengthen the bones of women, regardless of reproductive status. |
| Breast Cancer |
| What happens at each stage of breast cancer? There are multiple stages of breast cancer, ranging from 0–4. Each has it’s own particular set of symptoms and treatment possibilities. There are treatment options for each stage with varying outlooks for success depending on the stage and person. The earlier the stage, the more likely treatment will be successful. |
| Poison or cure? Arsenic can help treat cancer, study finds A new study shows how an arsenic oxide, in combination with an existing drug, can cure leukemia, and it may be able to also treat other types of cancer. |
| Colorectal Cancer |
| Diets 'devoid of vegetable matter' may cause colon cancer Feeding mice a diet rich in a compound that results from the digestion of cabbage and other brassicas protected their gut from inflammation and cancer. |
| Depression |
| Herpesvirus may lead to bipolar, depression New research finds the herpesvirus HHV-6 in the brain cells of people who lived with severe depression, bipolar disorder, or both. |
| Brain area responsible for pessimism found New research finds that stimulating a brain area called the caudate nucleus induces a tendency to focus too much on the downsides of a situation. |
| Exercise for mental health: How much is too much? We know that physical activity can improve a person's mental health and well-being, but how much exercise is best, and how much is too much?  New research finds that you can get too much exercise and explains how much physical activity will actually benefit your mental health.
Recently, researchers from Yale University in New Haven, CT, have analyzed the data of 1.2 million people all across the United States to gain a better understanding of how exercise affects a person's mental health, and which types of excercise are best for a mood boost.
More importantly, they also asked how much exercise is too much.
The researchers found that different kinds of team-oriented sports, cycling, and aerobic exercise are the most beneficial to mental health. They report this finding, and others, in a paper now published in The Lancet Psychiatry.
"Depression is the leading cause of disability worldwide, and there is an urgent need to find ways to improve mental health through population health campaigns," notes study author Dr. Adam Chekroud.
"Exercise," he adds, "is associated with a lower mental health burden across people no matter their age, race, gender, household income, and education level."
Almost any kind of exercise can help
The study participants were recruited from across the U.S. and had all participated the Behavioural Risk Factor Surveillance System survey in 2011, 2013, and 2015.
For their analysis, the researchers used not only demographic information, but also data about the participants' mental and physical health, as well as their health-related behaviors. The only specific mental health disorder that the researchers took into account, however, was depression.
As for the types of exercise included in the study, the researchers looked at many different kinds of activities, including performing childcare, doing housework, cycling, going to the gym, and running.
Dr. Chekroud and team adjusted the results of their analysis for any potentially impacting factors, including the study participants' age, race, and biological sex, as well as their marital status, income, education level, and body mass index (BMI).The volunteers provided estimates of how often they had faced poor mental health during the past 30 days. They also reported how often they had exercised over the same period, and for how long.
On average, the participants reported experiencing 3.4 days of poor mental health per month. However, compared with people who did not engage in any type of exercise, those who did exercise had 1.5 fewer days of poor mental health per month.
Moreover, the difference was even more obvious when it came to people with a previous diagnosis of depression, as those who exercised had 3.75 fewer bad days per month than their non-exercising peers.
Any and all types of exercise seemed to help manage mental health issues. However, the ones that appeared to be more useful were team sports, cycling, aerobic exercise, and gym-based exercise.
Nevertheless, even activities that may not usually be thought of as "exercise," such as doing chores around the house, were linked with better mental health.
How much exercise is best?
The scientists also found that the association between better mental health and exercise — which amounts to a 43.2 percent reduction in instances of poor mental health — was greater than the association between it and other modifiable factors.
People with a college education experienced a 17.8 percent reduction in bad mental health days compared with those with no college education; those with a healthy-range BMI experienced a 4 percent reduction compared with people with obesity; and people with higher earnings saw a 17 percent reduction of poor mental health days compared with participants with low-salary ranges.
Dr. Chekroud and colleages found that an important factor for mental health was how often people exercise, and for how long. Also, the researchers noted, there really is such a thing as too much exercise.
Of the cohort whose data they analyzed, the team saw that those who exercised two to three times per week tended to have better mental health than both those exercised more infrequently and than those who exercised more often.
The researchers found that the participants who benefited most in terms of mental health were those who exercised for 30–60 minutes three to five times per week.
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| GastroIntestinal / Gastroenterology |
| Foods to avoid with a sesame allergy Sesame seeds and oil are common ingredients in a variety of dishes. However, researchers estimate that hundreds of thousands of people have a sesame allergy. Many food manufacturers do not list sesame by name in their ingredients, even if it is present, so it is vital to know which foods to avoid or eat with caution. |
| Ten ways to relieve stomach ulcers at home Ulcers can occur in many places, including in the stomach. These are called stomach or peptic ulcers. People can try home remedies to relieve the symptoms of ulcers, speed up their healing time, and reduce bacteria that cause ulcers. Here, we talk about ten evidence-based ulcer remedies that you can try at home. |
| What is the difference between heartburn and acid reflux? Heartburn is one symptom of the condition acid reflux. Chronic acid reflux may be diagnosed as gastroesophageal reflux disease, or GERD. This article examines the relationship between these three terms. It also describes treatments, associated symptoms, methods of prevention, and when to see a doctor. |
| How do you treat an external hemorrhoid? An external hemorrhoid is a hemorrhoid that occurs outside of the body in the veins around the anus. Caused by excess straining while passing stool, lifting heavy weights, and pregnancy, symptoms include bleeding, cracking, and itching. Treatments include warm baths, OTC medications, and surgery. Learn more here. |
| Lymphoma |
| What is the outlook for chronic lymphocytic leukemia? Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a type of cancer that affects the blood and bone marrow. Although doctors can very rarely cure CLL, survival rates for this cancer are typically good. A person’s life expectancy for CLL depends on how far the cancer has progressed and when they receive treatment. Learn more here. |
| Men's Health |
| New technique treats prostate cancer in just five radiotherapy sessions A new clinical trial proves the benefits of an innovative form of radiotherapy that reduces the treatment to five sessions instead of the usual 37. |
| Briefs or boxer shorts? A new study settles the debate Which type of underwear is better for preserving men's fertility? The largest study to have ever investigated the matter now settles the dispute. |
| Neurology / Neuroscience |
| What long-term cannabis use can do to your brain Cannabis and cannabis-based drugs are increasingly used for clinical purposes, but researchers warn they may also harm the brain. A new study explains how. |
| Herpesvirus may lead to bipolar, depression New research finds the herpesvirus HHV-6 in the brain cells of people who lived with severe depression, bipolar disorder, or both. |
| How to protect your brain from 'fake news' What is confirmation bias, and how does it make us susceptible to fake news? New research from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology investigates. |
| Brain area responsible for pessimism found New research finds that stimulating a brain area called the caudate nucleus induces a tendency to focus too much on the downsides of a situation. |
| Epilepsy: New findings 'could change textbooks' New research on epilepsy narrows down the culprits to two key brain proteins. The study authors explain why this is a breakthrough in the field. |
| Nutrition / Diet |
| Is it safe to reheat rice? People often believe it is unsafe to reheat rice. This is because certain bacteria in rice can survive the cooking process. In fact, it is safe to eat reheated rice if it is cooked, stored, and reheated correctly. In this article, we discuss the best ways to manage leftover rice to limit the risk of food poisoning. |
| What are monk fruit and stevia? Monk fruit and stevia are natural, plant-based sweeteners. The products tend to contain few, if any, calories, carbohydrates, and sugars, and people use them as alternatives to sugar, honey, and other sweeteners. Here, we describe what monk fruit and stevia are and how to choose between them. |
| Diets 'devoid of vegetable matter' may cause colon cancer Feeding mice a diet rich in a compound that results from the digestion of cabbage and other brassicas protected their gut from inflammation and cancer. |
| Which fruits should you eat during pregnancy? Eating a healthful diet is particularly important during pregnancy. The right nutrients help the fetus to develop and grow as it should. Pregnant women should eat a variety of fruits to provide them with healthful nutrients that may also help to relieve their symptoms. Learn which fruits to eat during pregnancy here. |
| How much salt does it really take to harm your heart? A large, international study finds that current dietary guidelines for salt intake are overcautious, and that former evidence may not have been 'the best.' |
| Treatment and home remedies for pinworms A pinworm infection is a common worm infection in children and those living in close quarters. If a person believes that they have a pinworm infection, it is best to seek medical attention initially. A person can then also try a variety of home remedies, such as coconut oil and garlic, as complementary treatments. |
| 'Monster' radish might help fight heart disease The biggest variety of radish on the planet may harbor chemicals that can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. A new study investigates. |
| Foods to avoid with a sesame allergy Sesame seeds and oil are common ingredients in a variety of dishes. However, researchers estimate that hundreds of thousands of people have a sesame allergy. Many food manufacturers do not list sesame by name in their ingredients, even if it is present, so it is vital to know which foods to avoid or eat with caution. |
| Can you have hypoglycemia without diabetes? Hypoglycemia occurs when a person's blood sugar levels drop too low. It can cause dizziness, confusion, and loss of consciousness, among other symptoms. While diabetes is the most common cause of hypoglycemia, it can result from other medical conditions. Learn about them here. |
| Ten ways to relieve stomach ulcers at home Ulcers can occur in many places, including in the stomach. These are called stomach or peptic ulcers. People can try home remedies to relieve the symptoms of ulcers, speed up their healing time, and reduce bacteria that cause ulcers. Here, we talk about ten evidence-based ulcer remedies that you can try at home. |
| Experts advise 'healthful range' rather than 'variety of foods' The American Heart Association suggest that advice on what to eat should specify healthful eating patterns rather than just say 'eat a variety of foods.' |
| What do your nails say about your health? People's nails can say a lot about their health. Nail abnormalities are common, affecting the shape, thickness, or color of the nails. In this article, we look at possible abnormalities that affect the fingernails or toenails, with a picture guide. We discuss how to maintain good nail health and when to see a doctor. |
| Keto diet: Scientists find link to diabetes risk A mouse study finds that the liver becomes insulin resistant in the early stages of a ketogenic diet. Insulin resistance raises risk of type 2 diabetes. |
| What are the health benefits of cranberry juice? Many people consume cranberry juice for its health benefits. These include benefits for a person’s heart health, preventing infections, and better post-menopausal health. Side effects include potential interactions with medications and acid reflux. Learn more about the benefits and side effects of cranberry juice here. |
| A soy-based diet could help strengthen bones According to a recent study, eating a diet that includes more soy protein could strengthen the bones of women, regardless of reproductive status. |
| Pain / Anesthetics |
| Treating pain with magnetic fields New research suggests that 'mechanoceuticals' may be the treatment of the future against chronic pain. Magnetic force can reduce pain signals in neurons. |
| Prostate / Prostate Cancer |
| New technique treats prostate cancer in just five radiotherapy sessions A new clinical trial proves the benefits of an innovative form of radiotherapy that reduces the treatment to five sessions instead of the usual 37. |
| Sexual Health / STDs |
| Why can the birth control pill make your breasts bigger? The hormones in birth control pills can affect the body in various ways. In some people, the pills cause an increase in breast size. However, this change is usually temporary, and it may reverse within a few months. In this article, learn how birth control pills can affect breast size and other side effects. |
| What is labial hypertrophy and is it normal? Each person's vagina and vulva are unique, and there is wide variation between people. Labial hypertrophy is when one or both vaginal lips, or labia, are larger than usual. This is normal and not a cause for concern. Some people choose to have surgery for cosmetic reasons. Learn more about vaginal hypertrophy here. |
| What to do if you've lost a birth control pill People often lose birth control pills in their handbags or down the drain. Losing a pill is not usually a problem. A person should call their doctor for advice and a replacement pack while continuing to use their regular pack. However, the best advice varies, depending on the type of birth control. Learn more here. |
| Urology / Nephrology |
| What are the symptoms of a UTI in older adults? Urinary tract infections (UTIs) can affect people at any age. However, UTIs are one of the most common causes of infection in older adults. Symptoms of a UTI in older adults may include restlessness, agitation, and confusion. UTIs are treatable with medication. Learn more about UTIs in seniors here. |
| How to do pelvic floor exercises The pelvic floor is a set of muscles that supports pelvic organs, including the bladder and bowel. These muscles aid urinary control, continence, and orgasm. In this article, learn how to do four exercises that can help strengthen the pelvic floor, including bridge and squats. We also cover which exercises to avoid. |
| Women's Health / Gynecology |
| Ten tips to prevent stretch marks Rapid weight or muscle gain, growth spurts, and pregnancy can all cause stretch marks. Genetics may also be a contributing factor. These lines are not harmful to health, but some people dislike their appearance. In this article, learn about ways to help prevent stretch marks and keep the skin looking supple and smooth. |
| What happens at each stage of breast cancer? There are multiple stages of breast cancer, ranging from 0–4. Each has it’s own particular set of symptoms and treatment possibilities. There are treatment options for each stage with varying outlooks for success depending on the stage and person. The earlier the stage, the more likely treatment will be successful. |
| Migraines are more common in women, but why? Migraines are disruptive, debilitating events, but what causes them remains unclear. Notably, they are more common in women, and a new study asks why. |
| What are the long-term side effects of birth control? People often stay on hormonal birth control for much of their adult lives, either for contraception or to manage long-term medical conditions. Many wonder if it is safe to take birth control for extended periods. In this article, we look at the short-term and long-term side effects and risks of hormonal birth control. |
| Why can the birth control pill make your breasts bigger? The hormones in birth control pills can affect the body in various ways. In some people, the pills cause an increase in breast size. However, this change is usually temporary, and it may reverse within a few months. In this article, learn how birth control pills can affect breast size and other side effects. |
| What is labial hypertrophy and is it normal? Each person's vagina and vulva are unique, and there is wide variation between people. Labial hypertrophy is when one or both vaginal lips, or labia, are larger than usual. This is normal and not a cause for concern. Some people choose to have surgery for cosmetic reasons. Learn more about vaginal hypertrophy here. |
| Is it safe to skip your period using birth control? Skipping one or more periods using the birth control pill is usually safe and poses few risks. A person may want to skip a period to avoid discomfort, for convenience, or for other reasons. Learn how to skip a period using birth control here. We also look at types of birth control that reduce the frequency of periods. |
| What can cause cramps after menopause? Although a person's monthly periods stop after they have been through menopause, they may still sometimes experience abdominal cramping. These cramps are usually nothing serious, but can sometimes be a sign of an underlying medical condition, such as uterine fibroids, endometriosis, or cancer. Learn more here. |
| What to do if you've lost a birth control pill People often lose birth control pills in their handbags or down the drain. Losing a pill is not usually a problem. A person should call their doctor for advice and a replacement pack while continuing to use their regular pack. However, the best advice varies, depending on the type of birth control. Learn more here. |
| A soy-based diet could help strengthen bones According to a recent study, eating a diet that includes more soy protein could strengthen the bones of women, regardless of reproductive status. |
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