Food for Thought Article

/Swedish:/ Irritabel tarm, colon irritabile eller IBS (engelska: Irritable Bowel Syndrome, ’orolig tarm-syndrom’) är en av världens vanligaste sjukdomar som kan ge förstoppning, diarré, besvärande gasbildning och magsmärtor.

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Food for Thought A New Diet To Manage Irritable Bowel Syndrome July 5, 2012 By Katherine DiGeronimo, B.S Brigham and Women's Hospital What Is the Low FODMAP Diet? Eat Less Of These Foods Eat More Of These Foods The Bottom Line Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder that affects 1 out of 10 people in the United States each year. With symptoms like cramping, diarrhea, gas and bloating, it's no surprise that living with IBS can have a significant effect on a person's quality of life. Diet is one way people manage the symptoms of IBS. A common treatment approach is to avoid the foods that trigger symptoms. A new diet for IBS, developed in Australia, is showing promise in managing IBS symptoms. It's called the low FODMAP diet. What Is the Low FODMAP Diet? FODMAP stands for "Fermentable Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides And Polyols. These fermentable short-chain carbohydrates are prevalent in the diet. Oligosaccharides: fructans and galactooligosaccharides (GOS) Disaccharides: lactose Monosaccharides: fructose Polyols: sorbitol and mannitol Researchers suggest that the small intestine does not absorb FODMAPs very well. They increase the amount of fluid in the bowel. They also create more gas. That's because bacteria in the colon they are easily fermented by colonic bacteria. The increased fluid and gas in the bowel leads to bloating and changes in the speed with which food is digested. This results in gas, pain and diarrhea. Eating less of these types of carbohydrates should decrease these symptoms. So far, studies have shown that a low FODMAP diet improves IBS symptoms. One study even found that 76% of IBS patients following the diet reported improvement with their symptoms. Eat Less Of These Foods Lactose Cow's milk, yogurt, pudding, custard, ice cream, cottage cheese, ricotta cheese and mascarpone Fructose Fruits, such as apples, pears, peaches, cherries, mangoes, pears and watermelon Sweeteners, such as honey and agave nectar Products with high fructose corn syrup Fructans Vegetables, such as artichokes, asparagus, Brussels sprouts, broccoli, beetroot, garlic and onions Grains such as wheat and rye Added fiber, such as inulin GOS Chickpeas, lentils, kidney beans and soy products Vegetables, such as broccoli Polyols Fruits, such as apples, apricots, blackberries, cherries, nectarines, pears, peaches, plums and watermelon Vegetables, such as cauliflower, mushrooms and snow peas Sweeteners, such as sorbitol, mannitol, xylitol, maltitol and isomalt found in sugar-free gum and mints, and cough medicines and drops Eat More Of These Foods Dairy: Lactose-free milk, rice milk, almond milk, coconut milk, lactose-free yogurt; hard cheeses such as feta and brie Fruit: Bananas, blueberries, cantaloupe, grapefruit, honeydew, kiwi, lemon, lime, oranges and strawberries Vegetables: Bamboo shoots, bean sprouts, bok choy, carrots, chives, cucumbers, eggplant, ginger, lettuce, olives, parsnips, potatoes, spring onions and turnips Protein: Beef, pork, chicken, fish, eggs and tofu Nuts/seeds (limit to 10-15 each): Almonds, macadamia, peanuts, pine nuts and walnuts Grain: Oat, oat bran, rice bran, gluten-free pasta, such as rice, corn, quinoa, white rice, corn flour and quinoa The idea behind the low FODMAPs diet is to only limit the problematic foods in a category — not all of them. (After all, they do have health benefits.) You may tolerate some foods better than others. Meet with a registered dietician if you are considering this diet. It's important to make sure your eating plan is safe and healthy. He or she will have you eliminate FODMAPs from your diet. Then you gradually add the carbohydrates back in one at a time and monitor your symptoms. A food diary and symptom chart may be helpful tools. The low FODMAP diet has shown potential in helping people with IBS. Some health professionals believe it's too restrictive. Proponents of the diet report that people stick with it because of how it improves their quality of life. Nutritional Care Manual. Irritable Bowel Syndrome. 2012. Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. Application of the low FODMAP diet for IBS: webinar. February, 2010. Scarlata, Kate. The Complete Idiot's Guide to Eating Well with IBS. July, 2010. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. Evidence-based dietary management of functional gastrointestinal symptoms. The FODMAP approach. February, 2010. Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology. Manipulation of dietary short chain carbohydrates alters the pattern of gas production and genesis of symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome. August, 2010. Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. Dietary poorly absorbed, short-chain carbohydrates increase delivery of water and fermentable substrates to the proximal colon. April, 2010. Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. Dietary Triggers of Abdominal Symptoms in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Randomized Placebo-Controlled Evidence. July, 2008. Katherine DiGeronimo graduated with a B.S. in Human Nutrition and Dietetics from The Ohio State University. She just completed her dietetic internship at Brigham and Women's Hospital and plans to become a registered dietitian. ________________________________________________________